Big Foot Essays - Fiction, American Folklore, Cryptozoology

Big Foot Big Foot, Yeti and Sasquatch Introduction Big Foot, Yeti and Sasquatch are all mythical giant apes, not know to be real or fake. The giant animal stands seven to nine feet tall and weighs between 600 and 900 pounds. The United States Big Foot ranges all over throughout the Northwestern part of the US The Yeti is a giant ape thought to dwell the areas around the Himalayas, at a town called Katmandu by Mount Everest. And finally the Sasquatch is the giant ape thought to roam throughout Canada. These three creatures are all basically the same mythical creature for the exceptance of being in separate areas of the Earth.. There is little known information on these animals, but there have been many sighting. Through that scientist are frequently getting information on Big Foot and sighting, daily. This increases there knowledge of this hidden phenomenon. Scientific Evidence on Big foot Footprints are one of the few pieces or hard scientific evidence, that tells scientist that there must be a Big foot out there says Scientist Roger Patterson. Footprints are really the only hard evidence of Big foot because photographs can be staged, faked, or hoaxed. A real footprint would match all the other reports of big foot prints. Since most of the Big foot imprints are usually the same size they cannot be just simply staged. That is why there are many cryptozoologic scientists that believe that big foot is definitely not false. In a effort to prove that big foot is in fact real, many experts continue to try to find hard, solid, scientific evidence to prove the theory of the big foot legend. Sightings of Big foot, Sasquatch, and Yeti Although there have been many, many big foot sightings, most of them are not actually real at all, but there are the exceptional few that are said to be true. People have been reporting Big foot sighting in the US and Canada since 1884. Big foot got it's name bigfoot from a road crew working in Northwest California in 1958. Nighttime work at the work site attracted a big visitor, which the road crew nicknamed Bigfoot They threw gasoline tanks all around the site to try to keep the giant ape away and it did in fact leave. When the workers looked throughout the perimeter, they found giant manlike footprints all over. This Big foot incident became national news. Sasquatch is actually a Big foot creature that lives throughout Canada. It has been seen primarily around the Western coast of Canada, but there have been a few Sasquatch sightings in the central area of Canada. Many native Americans in that area have seen this giant animal Sasquatch as a god in there culture and society. They have been worshipping this mythical ape for hundreds of years. Many sighting have been reported in Canada and the search for Sasquatch continues, in the science world. Sightings of Yeti have been very abundant throughout Nepal and the Himalayas. The first believable report of Yeti, was in 1925 when a Greek photographer, N.A. Tombazi, was pointed out a creature moving around at some lower slopes of the mountains. The strange animal was around a thousand feet away in an area with an altitude of 15,00 feet. The strange animal looked much like aa human, because it walked upright and it occasionally stopped to pick some wild mountain berries. Tombazi knew that it was in fact an ape because it showed up dark against the snow in the area. That meant that it had to be an ape of some sort. When he told the townspeople of Katmandu they told him that that was the giant ape Yeti. It is also a sort of worship, to the people of Katmandu. Probability of Big Foot Existence Many scientist's say that there is a very small chance of Big Foot existence. The reasons for that decision it the fact that man, keeps moving into uninhabited parts of the country. Because of that many experts feel that even if there was a Big Foot, somebody would have caught it on film, or actually taken a Big Foot photograph that wasn't a hoax. 98 percent of all Big Foot pictures or films, are proven to

English Final on connecting Waiting for Gadot Essays

English Final on connecting Waiting for Gadot Essays English Final on connecting Waiting for Gadot Essay English Final on connecting Waiting for Gadot Essay a drama, is preformed on a stage for a larger audience Reading a novel versus watching a play effects the audiences ways of seeing. This is something that John Berger questions throughout his text. His novel is based on the fact that seeing comes before words, however, once someone sees something they put what they see into words, and thats where the power is formed. A reader gets a completely different feel from a play versus a novel. Cavendish novel was a means for her to articulate her language in order to gain power. The use of the pronoun l occurred in the novel in reference to the author herself. The Empress insinuated that anyone is capable of creating a world of their own in which they hold the power, Cavendish stated this in her To the Reader section of the book, Although I have neither power time nor occasion to conquer the world have made a world of my own: for which no body, I hope, will blame me, since it is in every ones power to do the like (Cavendish 124). Cavendish uses this novel to show how much language articulates power. Unlike The Blazing World, a play in which the stage directions articulates power. The character that voiced power in this play was not even presented in the novel. This is very unique because it is not the persons direct language that articulated the power; it was the language and the actions of the other characters that articulated the power for Gadget. That is why dramatic texts are written in different formats. If this book were written as a novel, such as Blazing Worlds it would have has a total different effect. The audience needed to see how meaningless their language was. At the end of each act they said they were leaving verbally but did not move. This was something that the audience got to see and then felt how much power Gadget had over them. Estrogen: Well, shall we go? They do not move. (Becket 109 Act II) This line shows the main difference between a novel and a dramatic text. Reading a text can provoke an individual to view the language of who holds the power differently than being a member of a large audience in a theater. In conclusion language-articulating power differs significantly in The Blazing World and Waiting for Gadget. Waiting for Gadget established a world in which a character that never spoke held all the power due to how the two characters spoke of him; there language about him gave him the power. The Blazing World demonstrated a world in which she was language she made the people love her. Dramatic texts and novels can be understood differently based on the way it is preformed; explicitly regarding whom holds the power. Unlike Becket, Cavendish included her personal opinions and feelings to influence the reader alone. These factors play a vital role in the way the power of language is represented.

Impact Of Educational Systems On The Creativity Development Essay

Impact Of Educational Systems On The Creativity Development - Essay Example In addition, the reforms are also aimed at ensuring that students are taught in an environment that could promote their talents and creativity and not just be focusing on grades. Kaila (2005) argues that while education systems have been in existence for many years, most of them have been grade-centric with little focus on nurturing the learners’ innovativeness and creativity. Nevertheless, Mantel (2005) reports on new legislation in the education systems that address these needs. Particularly, the No Child Left Behind Act has been seen as being quite instrumental in ensuring that teachers work towards raising the performance of all students. While the legislation is arguably a great move towards raising the quality of education, several critiques observe the legislation’s focus on standardized testing cannot effectively tackle the problems affecting the American education system. It is hoped that there will be more educational reforms that will, among other things, lay emphasis on identifying and supporting unique talents among students. Such a move will create a favorable environment for identifying new talent and creativity among students and will, consequently, help in building holistic students (Geist & Hohn, 2009). The tremendous increase in the world population has led to more problems and demand for more services. In order to provide solutions to these inherent problems, Grazer (2013) observes that there is a need for creative and innovative solutions. The high competition in the workplace also demands creative employees with the ability to tailor their offerings in accordance with the needs of the customers. The challenges facing the society also need creative and innovative solutions. As a result, there is a great demand for creative individuals in almost all spheres of life, hence the need for education systems to focus on churning out holistic students.

Does the Second Admendment need alteration Research Paper

Does the Second Admendment need alteration - Research Paper Example In spite of their effectiveness, these documents have numerous flaws. The second amendment and its ensuing argument, is an example of a flaw, divides the country into two distinct camps (Carlson 2). This essay will advocate for repeal of the law to state that each household should have a firearm. Carlson asserts that the right for individuals in the U.S to bear arms has been the been the focus of various political debates (2). The debates revolve around the infringement of gun ownership by the U.S government. By restricting the possession of firearms, will the government be servicing its own selfish interests or is it simply being mindful about its citizen’s welfare. Do the government and its bodies, such as the senate, have the right to re-interpret this law to fit modern times (Gerber 4). This is considering the difference in time from when the law was first enacted. Another question regards the effects that would arise from this re-interpretation. Would this new and modified law help U.S. citizens or simply worsen the current situation? The crime rates in the U.S. are not dropping anytime soon, and the right to bear arms is not a cause of this trend (Charles 13). The individuals who bear arms are not the perpetrators of crime. The thieves, murderers and other villains possess their firearms illegally. For this reason, should the government concentrate on the second amendment or the laws on purchasing? In my opinion, the latter needs to be stricter to curb the prevalence of crime perpetrated by illegal firearms. The aforementioned fact of illegal firearms perpetrating crimes leads to the central argument of this essay. Charles continues to state that it should be universally established that families should be inherently granted the right to bear arms (14). Bearing arms assists families in protecting themselves from rapists, thieves and other thugs that

Corporate Law Corporate Manslaughter Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

Corporate Law Corporate Manslaughter - Essay Example But only just. The new draft bill on corporate manslaughter is a ghost of what was once proposed. But, for the first time in the United Kingdom, there might now be a chance of prosecuting large companies for killing their workers† (2005). Between 1997 and the 2005 adoption, twelve promises were followed by delays, and five thousand people died as Parliament deliberated (Monbiot, 2005). Home Secretary claims that delays were due to complexity of the law are belied by the rapidity which the Prevention of Terrorism Act was pushed through Parliament, which allows conviction prior to a fair trial (Monbiot, 2005). The law does not allow any individuals to be tried, only companies as a whole to be fined, which when combined with existing law that only direct knowledge and malfeasance on the part of directors can lead to a prosecution means that only small businesses are likely to ever see imprisonments (Monbiot, 2005). â€Å"As directors can still be disqualified and imprisoned for a gross breach of their duty of care towards their shareholders' investments, money in the United Kingdom will remain more valuable than human life† (Monbiot, 2005). Worse, the standard for senior management being tried is grossly minimal: It must be proven that the senior manager â€Å"sought to cause the organisation to profit† for them to be criminally liable (Monbiot, 2005). When seeking to punish a corporation for their malfeasance, particularly in the case of deaths caused by reckless or dangerous working environments, pursuit of profit or easily-avoidable issues such as quality of chemicals or safety controls for machinery, the legal justifications for pursuing action are a few fold. 1. Deterrent. Both the violating company and its staff and other companies and their staffs need to be put on notice that such behavior isn't tolerated. For example: In a civil suit against a company that willfully harmed an innocent, there should be a toll taken for the life of the i nnocent, then a toll taken for the psychological harm dealt to the family and loved ones, then finally a toll taken purely as a deterrent cost. 2. Justice. The person who died deserves their fate to be taken seriously, the harm rectified, amends done (Lewis, 2009). 3. Investigative, amends-based and reparatory. The family that died deserves to have someone make amends for and take responsibility for the action. And when it comes to an organization like a corporation, the investigation can bring to light other violations. It is in the first two realms that the Act is so limited. An unlimited monetary deterrent might be appropriate, but there are so many approaches for the defendant to mitigate the harm that it is unlikely that the fine will ever truly be a serious deterrent to companies with massive operating capital and cash flows (Reid, 2010). When it comes to corporate law, punishments need to be extremely severe because big companies have the ability to protect themselves using t ies to politicians and communities, deep pockets and powerful lawyers. More importantly, individual managers may think that, if a company faces a billion-dollar fine, the worst that will happen is that they will lose their job or will be demoted or punished,

Adam Bede Example Of Literary Realism English Literature Essay

Adam Bede Example Of Literary Realism English Literature Essay Adam Bede is written by George Eliot, whose real name was Mary Ann Evans, and it was published in 1859. It was published with a pseudonymous, even if she was a well published and highly respected scholar of that period. The novel has remained in print from that time and is used in university studies of 19th century English Literature.  [1]  When we talk about realism, we mean the mode of writing that gives the impression of recording or reflectingfaithfully an actual way of life. The term refers, most of the times confusingly, both to a literary method and to a more general attitude. But what it interests us here, is the literary method which is based on detailed accuracy of description (i.e. Verisimilitude- which is very important in this period).  [2]   Adam Bede is believed that it is one of the best examples of literary realism in England and English literature. Realism, as we said above, has to do with recording the life exactly as it is. So, writers do not have to imagine characters and plots that could fit in the real world. Furthermore, realists (and here George Eliot) focus more on the characters than on the plot. Aslo, realist literature appeared in England in 1840 and remained for about fifty years. It had many differences from the previous movement, Romanticism, and people in the beginning found it difficult to deal with the new idea of Realism and its meaning. In Adam Bede George Eliot creates the false illusion of a steady and immemorial rural world. We can say that it is a realistic novel, first of all, because of the manifesto on realism in Chapter 17 and because of the plentifully observed details, which are really important in a realist novel. It also charts the consequences of moral action. The world of Adam Bede is immemorial and the village that George Eliot had chosen for her book is really very difficult to change, rather than a city, and many of the conditions of change would come from the outside (e.g. From cities). If fiction has to have the kind of validity that implied by the scientific word experiment, as a means of discovering what really would happen in certain circumstances and not what one might wish to happen, the novelists imagination must at least be as rigorously disciplined as the scientists observation. So, George Eliot must first of all, establish that the world in which the events of the novel take place, really is the world in which we live in, governed by the same natural laws that govern human existence in the world we know. If she did not convince us of this, we could hardly take her findings seriously. And we can recognize in a novel, the real world we live in à ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬ as we recognize people and places we know à ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬ not so much by their measurable extent of problems as by a whole range of variable impressions that we are often hardly aware of noticing.  [3]   The first requirment for a true fiction is the hard presence of a recognizably real world, and as we can see in many points George Eliot supplies it throught the novel. For example, when she describes the workshop of carpenter (Adams wprkshop), she tries to give us the sense of how difficult it is this work, by the use of details and descriptions. Also, in the description of the dairy in which Hetty Sorrel makes butter, we have a symphony in colours and textures. These details, make us feel like we watch the whole scene and smell the fresh butter. Adam Bede offers the radical contrast of a world shaped through and through by moral judgement and moral evaluation. Technique is that which selects among the multitude of possible qualities, organizes them in the finite world of the novel, and holds them in a shape that can catch the light of our own awareness, which without shapes to fall upon, is ignorant. Technique is like the convex or concave surface of the spoon, and the different turnings ans inclinations to which it is liable. Technique lengthens or foreshortens, and while the rudimentary relationships of common experience remain still recognizable, it reveals astonishing bulges of significance, magnifies certain parts of the anatomy of life, of whose potentialities we had perhaps not been aware, humbles others. So, the massively slow movement of Adam Bede is one such shape making technique. It is true that we are generally persuaded of the actual slow movement of rural life, and it is rural life à ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬ the life of villagers, tenant farmers à ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬ that George Eliot describes.  [4]   Actually, as we can see up to now, George Eliot uses many descriptions, many images and many details in order to succeed her purpose: to write a realistic novel. She also uses facts from common people who live in the country-side and they are much more sensitive to the changes of life. Of course George Eliot has done very well her job and we continue. Ian Adams article, The Structure of Realisms in Adam Bede mentions these: Whatever traps for the unwary lie in the term realism, few would quarrel over its appropriateness for Adam Bede. The characters in the novel are ordinary in either social class or native endowment and frequently in both, its tragic action grows out of a commonplace seduction, and its setting is humble and representatively agrarian. Perhaps, even more important is the treatment of these subjects: there is a high degree of consistency and historical accuracy in details of time and place, the background is richly and minutely crowded with particulars, and the account of characters motives always stresses ordinary causes, rationally explicable. He also mention that: The distinction between realism of subject and realism of procedure is an important one. Both kinds of realism exist in Adam Bede, as they do in most realistic novels, detailed presentation tending to go hand in hand with the selection of commonplace an d usually unfamiliar and unconventional subject. Realism of subject in the novel has perhaps had the most thorough treatment, particularly in discussion of the rustic background and the unheroic nature of the central characters. Ian Adam believes that Adam Bede is really a realist novel.  [5]   Another key of the realistic novel of Adam Bede is the description of the natural beauty of Englishs countryside, especially in scenes of sadness or evil. For example, when Hetty tries to find Captain Donnithorne, the countryside is very luxurious and the day is beautiful . Many people would think that this appearance of the day, represents also the beauty of Hetty; the outside,but also the outside beauty. But George Eliot here, tries to mislead us and she encourages us to look beyond the surface of people and things to their deeper characteristics. So, Eliot as we can see, tries to pass to the readers some messages about the people in the real life and she wants to make her readers more conscious. In Adam Bede George Eliot also tries to represent the life of the 19th century in England and especially in the countryside. As we can see from the novel, people faced many difficulties and the community was pretty strict. Even if some people were good some times they had to become evil and face the real life and the problems. George Eliot was also very careful about the use of language. She used the every-day language of that period in order to make the novel more persuasive about it realistic style. An example of the difficulties that people faced in the society of 19th century is the life of Adam. Adam is a hard man who learns, first through the death of his father and then through the suffering of an inferior being whom he loves, sympathy towards weakness. But what the idea of Adam represents in ones mind is not such a development, but something much more static. What it remains to the readers about him, are the qualities that he has from the first, summed up in his words to Arthur. (Ive seen pretty clear, ever since I could cast up a sum, as you can never do whats wrong without breeding sin and trouble more than you can ever see (Chapter 16) ). As we can see, Adam is a massive representation of the central Eliotic belief, but his dramatic existence, his learning through suffering, even his suffering itself, are by comparison notional.  [6]   As it mentioned in many books, the story of Adam Bede was actually the representation of the real life of George Eliot. In the beginning when people learned about that were a bit confused and afraid. It was pretty hard for them to believe that everything or pretty everything that was written in Adam Bede was in reality the life of George Eliot. This clue, could show us why the novel had so many details and descriptions. Also, because at first, the book was published anonymously, most of the readers believed that it was written by a man. Finally, to sum up, we could say that Adam Bede is one of the first realist book in England. It represents reality in many different ways, using many descriptions, a lot of details,use of everyday language, representations of landscapes full of colours and smell. Using the right methods and techniques George Eliot managed to write a realist novel which flurried not only because it was the story of the real life of George Eliot, but also because it was from the first novels with a realist context and it was pretty difficult for the readers of that period to understand it and understand its meaning. Unfortunately, there were many who fight George Eliot and Adam Bede but when the years pasted, they understood the value of this novel and they used it also in university studies. Only from this decision we can see how important was this novel for English Literature and more specific, about the Realist Literature of England.

Comparing Arundhati Roy’s The God of Small Things and Chinua Archebe’s

Comparing Arundhati Roy’s The God of Small Things and Chinua Archebe’s Things Fall Apart Literature is an amazing form of expression. A multitude of things can be said so in so many creative ways. Whether the story that is being told is true or fiction, the important thing is how it is told. The structure of a story is what gives it power, strength and the ability to move readers. Arundhati Roy and Chinua Achebe are two very talented authors who express their stories in two very different and unique ways. Although their stories are structurally different they have many similarities regarding class structure, societal issues, moral and family betrayals, and tragedy. The God of Small Things, a novel, by Arundhati Roy unravels the secrets of a family in India. Arundhati Roy uses an intriguing technique to tell the story of Ammu, Rahel, Estha, Sophie Mol, Velutha, Mammachi, Chacko, Margaret Kochamma, and Baby Kochamma. Roy starts the story by in a way paraphrasing all the events that are to occur throughout the story. She then proceeds to tell about the funeral of Sophie Mol and Ammu, Rahel, and Estha’s trip to the police station. She begins the story at the end. The reader does not find out until much later who Sophie Mol is and why Ammu and the twins went to the police station. Roy continues the story by jumping from Rahel and Estha’s childhood to their adulthood. Every chapter jumps from past to present. In every chapter Arundhati Roy answers or creates more questions about her characters lives for the reader. She uses repetition throughout the story to make the reader pay attention, remember, and wonder what she is trying to get across. Roy also uses wonderful metaphors, similes, and figurative language to ... ... one who killed his own son. He did not want to look weak in front of his fellow clan members. Okonkwo suffered internally for what he did. Despite the fact that these novels by Roy and Archebe differ widely in structure, they share many common themes. Both authors had their own special way of getting the story out, yet wanted to show the same things. Class structures, societal issues, moral and family betrayal all play a huge part in the lives of their characters. Many times these themes had terrible consequences and even ended up causing tragedy. These three things had the ability to change history forever. Â   Work Cited: Roy, Arundhati. The God of Small Things. HarperCollins Publishers, Inc. New York. 1997. The Norton Anthology of English Literature. Vol. 2c seventh edition. Archebe, Chinua. Things Fall Apart.

Differentiation Strategies of Gm

Differentiation strategies are not about pursuing uniqueness for the sake of being different. Differentiation is about understanding customers and how GM ‘s product can meet their needs. To this extent, the quest for differentiation advantage takes us to the heart of business strategy. The fundamental issues of differentiation are also the fundamental issues of business strategy: Who are GM ‘s customers? How does GM create value for them? And how does GM do it more effectively and efficiently than anyone else? Because differentiation is about uniqueness, establishing differentiation advantage requires creativity – it cannot be achieved simply through applying standardized frameworks and techniques. This is not to say that differentiation advantage is not amenable to systematic analysis. As have observed, there are two requirements for creating profitable differentiation. On the supply side, GM must be aware of the resources and capabilities through which it can create uniqueness (and do it better than competitors). On the demand side, the key is insight into customers and their needs and preferences. These two sides form the major components of our analysis of differentiation. In analyzing differentiation opportunities, GM can distinguish tangible and intangible dimensions of differentiation. Tangible differentiation is concerned with the observable characteristics of a product or service that are relevant to customers’ preferences and choice processes. These include size, shape, color, weight, design, material, and technology. Tangible differentiation also includes the performance of the product or service in terms of reliability, consistency, taste, speed, durability, and safety. Image differentiation are especially important for those products and services whose qualities and performance are difficult to ascertain at the time of purchase (â€Å"experience goods†). These include cosmetics, medical services, and education. By offering uniqueness in its offerings, GM may inevitably target certain market niches. By selecting performance, engineering, and style as the basis on which BMW competes in the automobile industry, it inevitably appeals to different market segments than does VW. To the extent that differentiation is imitated by other companies, the result can be the creation of new market segments. During the 1990s, General Motors’ segmented marketing strategy that targeted each brand on a specific price bracket and particular socioeconomic category ran into increasing problems as US customers showed less and less identification with the segments GM had defined for them. Demand analysis identifies customers’ demands for differentiation and their willingness to pay for it, but creating differentiation advantage also depends on a firm’s ability to offer differentiation. To identify the firm’s potential to supply differentiation, we need to examine the activities the firm performs and the resources it has access to. Pros and cons A strategy use by GM to seek competitive advantage through uniqueness (develop goods and services that are clearly different from those made available by the competitors)This strategy requires organizational strengths in marketing, research and development, technological leadership and creativity . They provide good services to the customer which services are different from other organization . G. M. is a multinational corporation engaged in socially responsible operations, worldwide. It is dedicated to provide products and services of such quality that our customers will receive superior value while our employees and business partners will share in our success and our stock-holders will receive a sustained superior return on their investment These days, GM realize how important it is to have employees trained in good customer service skills working in their contact center if they want to enhance their reputation. For example training staff in problem solving and the ability to multi task in areas such as navigating complex databases and switching between different computers to find information for the caller is now becoming a routine function in a modern contact center. It is therefore an advantage for call center employees in today’s workplace to have the ability to think quickly on their feet so they can deal quickly with involved information while working under pressure. GM also providing Transportation Services: Here GM aim at providing top nick transportation services to the customers and satisfy them to maximum extent. GM know that a delay in shipping the freights can cause considerable loss to the clients and the business, therefore on-time delivery is extremely important to us. The network of truck agents which are located at all over the booking points ensure that your consignments reach to its final destination in full secured mode, GM also gratify to all your transportation needs by providing you door-to-door Pick Up & Delivery Transportation services.

The Financial Crisis Impacts on East Asian States

The Financial Crisis Impacts on East Asian States Introduction East Asian crisis of 1997/1989 is listed among the most transmittable economic crises in the last two decades (Shambaugh Yahuda, 2009, p. 5). Countries which were most affected include Malaysia, Indonesia, Philippines, Thailand and South Korea. However, the crisis also affected other economies like China, Singapore and Taiwan. This crisis started as a speculative attack on Thailand’s economy in mid 1997 but quickly spread to the neighbouring economies. By October 1997, Thai currency had fallen by approximately 40 percent, Philippine and Malaysian currencies by 30 percent and the rest of East Asian currencies by 35 to 40 percent against the American dollar.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Financial Crisis Impacts on East Asian States specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The worst hit economies experienced grave socio-economic and political challenges (Lane, 1999, p. 5). This crisis later took a ne w dimension, commonly known as twin crisis. The policy response to the currency crisis later led to a crisis in the financial institutions. This took place mainly in South Korea, Malaysia, Thailand, and Indonesia. This crisis caused total chaos in Indonesia due to its impact in the political and economic front. However, Taiwan and Singapore escaped without dire consequences. Republic of China, particularly Hong Kong took ground-breaking steps to avert the effect of the crisis (Radelet Sachs, 2001, p. 2). The financial crisis was attributed to the advent of globalization. However, there are numerous alternative explanations on the cause of this crisis. Frankel and Kose (1996, p.352) attributed the looming crisis to flagging fundamentals. In other words, huge budgetary deficits, increased money supply, massive deficits in the current account, and reserve losses. They explain that when these principle elements are not consistent with monetary supply they can cause speculative attack. Lane (1999, p. 8) attribute it to moral hazards such as lack of transparency which leads to selection challenges making the economy defenceless. These vulnerabilities can be hidden until the crisis hit. He also adds that economies’ inability to service outstanding short-term debts may have caused the crisis. Radelet and Sachs (2001, p. 12) argued that herding and panicking may have forced rational investors to pull out their investment in anticipation of the crisis. This paper will focus only on three countries: Malaysia, South Korea and Thailand. Pre-Crisis Before the crisis, these countries were experiencing stellar economic growth. Their GDP grew very rapidly at two digits from 1990 to 1996. With their cumulative growth rate being over 110 percent in the seven year period, there is no wonder economists referred to them as miracle economies. However, when the crisis hit between 1997 and1998, these countries were most affected (Berger, 2003, p.388). Experts argue that the cu rrent account deficit might have played a huge role in the currency crisis in these three countries. Prior to the crisis, these three countries had massive current account deficit. Their percentages were way above five percent which many would regard as very risky. It is believed that the high economic growth experienced in the three countries before the crisis was boosted by massive import of capital goods at the expense of exports. This may have contributed to the massive deficit in the current account (Calder Ye, 2010, p. 25; McDougall, 2007, p. 5). In addition, the gap between investment and saving may have also contributed to the current account deficit. Even though East Asian is generally well known for high saving rate, the high level of investment required to sustain the rapid growth rate during the seven-year period meant that the three countries were spending more than they were saving (McDougall, 2007, p. 6).Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? L et's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More According to the theories of international economics, current account deficit should be equal to the current account surplus. Current account surplus is therefore the flipside of the current account deficit (Kevin, 2011, p.10). In the seven-year period (1990-1996), South Korea, Malaysia and Thailand had capital account surplus. In other words, they had strong capital inflows. A large capital inflow is not necessarily an issue, but inflows (in forms of short term debts) can be very problematic to the economy. Given the high level of competition especially from the emerging Asian giants (Indian and China), foreign direct investment was declining thus necessitating these kinds of inflows to fuel rapidly growing economy. In 1996, total foreign loan as a percentage of gross domestic products was estimated to be over 40 percent in Thailand, 25 percent in South Korea, and 22 percent in Malaysia (MacIn tyre, Pempel Ravenhill, 2008, p. 45). On the other hand, short term debts constituted more than 75 percent of the total loan in South Korea, 65 percent in Thailand, and 56 percent in Malaysia. Therefore, these countries relied heavily on short term loans to fuel their economies (Kevin, 2011, p.10). The crisis was further aggravated by exchange rate regime and financial liberation (Calder Ye, 2010, p. 26). Thailand, South Korea and Malaysia were on a quasi-peg system with their monetary policies being regulated within narrow bands. Even though quasi-peg system minimises currency volatility, local currency policies must conform to the pegged currency. Since all these countries peg their currency against the U.S dollar, their policies put a lot of pressure on the exchange rate. Furthermore, the inflation rate for these countries was above 5 percent compared to the United State’s 2.5 percent (Calder Ye, 2010, p. 27). As expected, the currency should have depreciated against th e dollar. However, since the exchange rate system in these countries strived to stabilize the currency, it led to overestimation of currency values in a number of ways. In addition to their low level of global reserves, the three countries became more vulnerable to speculative attack. The exchange rate vulnerability coupled with financial liberalization meant that the build-up in vulnerability was unavoidable (MacIntyre, Pempel Ravenhill, 2008, p. 45). The factors that precipitated susceptibility to the actual crisis were the speculative attack on Thailand’s currency in mid 1997. The early attack was massive and extended to other countries within East Asia. The crisis exposed Thai Central Bank which had reported deceptive figures on usable reserves (Lane, 1999, p. 8). The financial crisis was similar to the crisis that hit Mexico in 1995 and the difference was only on the excessive capital outflow.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Financial Crisi s Impacts on East Asian States specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Within the first quarter of the crisis only, Thailand’s estimated capital flight was almost 30 percent of gross domestic product. This was way too high than the figure recorded in Mexico during the 1995 crisis (McDougall, 2007, p. 10). The excessive capital outflow was as a result of the response to the susceptibilities that had accumulated and at that particular moment, it was observed through depreciating currencies (Radelet Sachs, 2001, p. 17). The three main elements of this crisis were capital outflow, minimum reserves, and volatile interest rates. Having to defend capital flight that was destabilizing their currencies and low international reserves, the central banks in Thailand, South Korea and Malaysia had no other option but to float their currencies and increase interest rates to avert total economic breakdown. Given their exceedingly leveraged economies, incre asing interest rates in these countries was very agonizing and had undesired effects (Calder Ye, 2010, p. 29). The initial currency crisis led into another crisis in the local banking sector. The real sector also felt the impact of the rising interest rates since the rate of defaulters also increased. The severity of this crisis was evident in contracted GDP. The average GDP growth for the three economies during the crisis fell below 9 percent in contrast to 11 percent witnessed before the crisis. The monetary sector also experienced similar radical contraction (Radelet Sachs, 2001, p. 17). Post-crisis Initially, Thailand, Malaysia and South Korea embraced policies that had contracting effect. The principle objective of these policies was to stabilize the economy. This lasted from August 1997 to almost September 1998. Afterwards, they started using expansionary/pro-growth policies (Berger, 2003, p.389). If the pace and extent at which these economies went down were astounding, the pace of their recovery was similarly astonishing. By August 1999, real GDP for these countries had become positive. Economic growth in Malaysia, South Korea and Thailand got a boost from the strong growth in the global economy. With all of these countries witnessing positive growth in the economy, the recovery process was genuine. Undoubtedly, South Korea registered the strongest recovery (Calder Ye, 2010, p. 30). Even though the macroeconomic policies embraced by these countries were the same, their policy response was not the same. Given the massive capital flight and its impact on the economy, these countries had to either avert the situation or find new inflows to prevent total economic collapse (MacIntyre, Pempel Ravenhill, 2008, p. 46). Malaysia opted to impose policies that regulated capital outflow and fixed its currency. However, Thailand and South Korea preferred the IMF route. In other words, they accepted huge financial packages from the International Monetary Fund. S outh Korea received 58 billion dollars while Thailand was given 36 billion dollars. Nevertheless, the IMF packages came with conditions. Besides the official financing, these countries (South Korea and Thailand) were required to adopt structural reforms and embrace new macroeconomic policies. Even though the path chosen by these countries were not the same, their macroeconomic policies were almost similar (Radelet Sachs, 2001, p. 17). The main aim of the IMF’s structural reform was leveraging. This was to be accomplished in two stages. First, these countries had to tidy up the mess created by the crisis, and this was to be followed by reinforcing the remaining structures.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The first step entailed resuscitation of the vital institutions and closing down the institutions that were not viable. South Korea and Thailand conformed to these standard procedures. However, Malaysia preferred a different path. It opted to absorb unviable institutions instead of doing away with them. The second part of structural reforms was largely the same in these countries (MacIntyre, Pempel Ravenhill, 2008, p. 48). Conclusion From the study, it is very clear that before crisis started East Asian countries had started to show flaws and vulnerabilities. This conforms to a number of literatures explored in the current study. As noted earlier, the three main elements of the crisis were capital outflow, minimum reserves, and volatile interest rates. Having to defend capital flight that was destabilizing their currencies and low international reserves, the central banks in Thailand, South Korea and Malaysia had no other option but to take necessary steps to avert the crisis. Even though these countries followed different paths to stabilize the economy, they employed almost identical macroeconomic policies. References Berger, T. U. 2003, Power and Purpose in Pacific East Asia: A Constructivist Interpretation. In G. J. Ikenberry and M. Mastanduno, eds., International Relations Theory and the Asia-Pacific, Columbia University Press, New York, pp. 387-419. Calder, K. Ye, M. 2010, The Making of Northeast Asia, Stanford University Press, Stanford. Frankel, J. Kose, A. K. 1996, ‘Currency crashes in emerging markets: an empirical treatment’, Journal of International Economics, vol.41, pp. 351-366. Kevin, G. C. 2011, The Political Economy of East Asia: Regional and National Dimensions, Palgrave Macmillan, New York. Lane, T. 1999, ‘The Asian financial crisis: what have we learned?’ Finance Development, vol. 36, no. 3, pp. 5-45. MacIntyre, A., Pempel, T. J. Ravenhill, J. 2008, Crisis as Catalyst: Asias Dynamic Political Economy, Cornell U niversity Press. McDougall, D. 2007, Asia Pacific in World Politics, Lynne Rienner Pub., Boulder, Colorado. Shambaugh, D. Yahuda, M. 2009, International Relations of Asia, Rowman Littlefield publishers, Inc. ISBN: 978-0742556959.

Learn Whether Cloud Seeding Can Kill Hurricanes

Learn Whether Cloud Seeding Can Kill Hurricanes Efforts at storm modification date back to the 1940s, when Dr. Irwin Langmuir and a team of scientist from General Electric explored the possibility of using ice crystals to weaken storms. This was Project Cirrus. Enthusiasm about this project, combined with devastation from a series of hurricanes that made landfall, prompted the U.S. federal government to appoint a Presidential Commission to investigate storm modification. What Was Project Stormfury? Project Stormfury was a research program for hurricane modification that was active between 1962 and 1983. The Stormfury hypothesis was that seeding the first rain band outside of the eyewall clouds with silver iodide (AgI) would cause supercooled water to turn into ice. This would release heat, which would cause the clouds to grow faster, pulling in air that would otherwise reach the wall of clouds around the eye. The plan was to cut off the air supply feeding the original eyewall, which would cause it to fade away while a second, wider eyewall would grow further from out from the storms center. Because the wall would be wider, air spiraling into the clouds would be slower. The partial conservation of angular momentum was intended to decrease the force of the strongest winds. At the same time the cloud seeding theory was being developed, a group at the Navy Weapons Center in California was developing new seeding generators that could release large amounts of silver iodide crystals i nto storms. Hurricanes That Were Seeded With Silver Iodide In 1961, the eyewall of Hurricane Esther was seeded with silver iodide. The hurricane stopped growing and showed signs of possible weakening. Hurricane Beulah was seeded in 1963, again with some encouraging results. Two hurricanes were then seeded with massive quantities of silver iodide. The first storm (Hurricane Debbie, 1969) weakened temporarily after being seeded five times. No significant effect was detected on the second storm (Hurricane Ginger, 1971). Later analysis of the 1969 storm suggested that the storm would have weakened with or without the seeding, as part of the normal eyewall replacement process.​ Discontinuing the Seeding Program Budget cuts and lack of definitive success led to the discontinuation of the hurricane seeding program. In the end, it was decided that funding would be better spent learning more about how hurricanes work and in finding ways to better prepare for and lessen the damage from natural storms. Even if it turned out cloud seeding or other artificial measures could lessen the intensity of the storms, there was considerable debate about where on their course the storms would be altered and concern over the ecological implications of changing the storms.

On killing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

On killing - Essay Example Grossman has utilized Milgram’s experiment of obedience as his research base. According to Milgram’s findings, humans obey authority and inflict pain on the subject without the rational evidence, but only due to obligatory requirement. Thus, Freud’s intuitive theory of human nature contradicts with this dichotomy, which emphasis that undue submission and pressure by authority evokes rebelliousness in the subordinates (Grossman, p.142). The author also lays an emphasis on the dichotomy of human intrinsic defence mechanism; this enables individuals to either fight for their survival in a threatening environment or escape from it, which is either due to fear or strategic aversion of killing another human being (Ibid, p.143). Another unanticipated fact about killing in a war is that without a leader’s direction, soldiers often feel without a sense of direction. Hence, become incapable of determining their own action, which shows the abrupt nature of humans to require authority, set path for direction and specific guidelines to react or respond in certain situations (Ibid, p.145). Leaders possess or influence subordinates in both physiological and psychological manner. Their presence can persuade subordinates to act in the most violate manner and can also impede them from violation. The repute of a leader or authority, the nature of demand of killing from the authority and authenticity of leader’s command act as the sound and rational bases for a subordinate to follow the commandment of a leader without consolidating it with his own belief or values (ibid, p.145). In addition, the author has also signified the importance of posture and submission process along with killing or fleeing mechanism in the time of war or life threatening situation. The hostility of a being is detected through its basic nature, posture or level of fear. Thus, one can determine that a baboon and rooster do not tend to attack

Sustainable Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Sustainable Management - Essay Example The per capita income for this county was low than average per capita income of U.S.A, and this company’s introduction was great news to them. Its establishment in this area would see a vast population benefiting from it through employment thus, boosting the county’s economy to another level that is better than the current one. Despite the above mentioned benefit, there are a number of obstacles that come along with this company’s establishment. Beaufort town is internationally famous for a variety of issues such as the famous Hilton Head resort. This hotel attracts many vacationers from all over the world who travel every year just to enjoy the beauty of Mother Nature. It is with this reason that the Management of Hilton Head got worried about the disaster that BASF as a chemical production company would cause to the environment that they depended much on for their livelihood. The existence of this chemical plant meant that air and water would be polluted because it had no plan for constructing its own dumping site or even recycling the waste products. This situation was disastrous for this resort because it would prevent millions of vacationers from traveling to this region. It is true that this was a typical situation that had arrived in front of the department of Beaufort and the people of this county (Fisher and Lovell 2006. As a chemical plant, lots of employment would be available for the people of this town and its per capita income would also rise. But the issue about pollution needed to be sorted out in order for these two companies to trade fairly because the whole situation comes under the moral and ethics of business in an environment. Many governments across the world have shown much concern on issues regarding environmental pollution. Apart from governments, NGOs are also taking part on the fight against environmental pollution which has consumed lives and interfered with the agricultural sectors. Pollution has